Monday, September 30, 2019

2019 Muscat Canelli, recap of days 1 through 10

Here's some recap and thoughts, running from the grape purchase, through crush day, and then to racking the must off the gross lees.

First, even if whoever you talk to at the grape merchant says you don't need to place an order in advance, do it anyway if you know you have someone to do the driving.  Not doing it this year meant we missed out on the Sauv. Blanc grapes that we wanted to work with (though the Muscat C are another wow and another adventure).

Second, because September is nutty busy at the 11th Street homestead and we just don't know very far in advance whether we'll have a Saturday, Sunday, or both for winemaking, we've had a number of years in the last four or five where we brought the grapes down on a Saturday and then worked the wine on a Sunday.  But it's good to know that, at least if we're only making white or only making red, there's plenty of time to set up while the grapes are on their three hour drive down from Hartford, then do the crush day work, clean up, and still have a fine feast for the winemakers.  This year we even finished the setup a little too early and had an hour of downtime before the grapes arrived.

Third, bring the stomping barrels and primary fermenters up from the cellar at least a few days before crush day, even the weekend before.  It seems unavoidable that they come out of the cellar smelling musty.  A week of sunshine and fresh air makes a big, big difference to getting them ready to work with.

Fourth, if we're making whites, use two barrels for stomping instead of the one that we used this year and last.  That way the sorting and destemming crews don't have to wait and twiddle their thumbs while the stompers and press crews do their thing.  At one point this year we must have had at least a half dozen folks just watching the press gang because the operations were all bottlenecked.  Doodle doo.

Fifth, do all the yeast research so that expectations are set.  I might not have sweated completely filling the 100 liter fermenter if I understood how low-foaming QA23 is.

Sixth, just go ahead and purchase new bubblers every year.  It won't break the bank and we won't have to worry whether there's any leftover scuzz in the downspout.

Seventh, either run the big honkin commercial fan in the cellar or consider buying a portable AC unit that can vent out through the back hatch.  It would be pretty far out to see if we could keep the cellar 10 degrees cooler and see how that might affect the fermentation.  Why?  The must tracked the ambient cellar temperature within a one or two degrees farenheit all through the primary.

That's the bulk of it. HUGE THANKS to everyone who had their hands or feet in the grapes this year.  It's hard to express what it means to us to have you all here, working, laying the groundwork for the ridiculous June celebration


And here's a little day 10 update.

In the first 8 hours after the transfer to carboys all of the bubblers fouled at least once, but are now clean and gurgling happily.  Counterintuitively (to me), the small vessel that had the yeasty bottom of the fermenter poured into it and then became a volcano of foam, is now the quietest of the gang.

Here's what CB 3 of 5 looks like. (And I should really get into the habit of loading the video to Youtube or Vimeo so they are better quality, but... lazy!)


Sunday, September 29, 2019

2019 Muscat C., day 9

6:30 AM
Cellar 77 F, outside 71 F, must 79 F
Brix: 0

It's time to move the wine.  Still fizzing, brix readings bouncing around zero.

I have not been checking for acid, pH, SO2, and really want to avoid any fiddling.  Still, since I wanted to look at a sample of the must, I took a quickie.  3.48, a tad high and I will test again before moving the wine to carboys.  If I were a really good person I'd also haul out the acid test chems.  (And after hitting 'publish' I tested pH again with more patience: 3.45.)

Some pics: the hopeful empties getting themselves ready; a sample of the must after it's been sitting a few minutes and you can get a feel for just how much yeast and solids are in it; the slightly too high  pH reading.
Hopeful empties.

Settling.  Lots of gunk.
A more patient reading gave me 3.45.



11:30 AM
Hoot, mon! 

We've moved from the primary fermenter to 5+5+5+5+3, leaving a fair amount of very yeasty must behind.  The transfers of the firs four carboys were silky smooth. I decided that rather than have a completely mucky fifth 5 gallon I'd go into a three, but that did not stop the three from being insanely lee-filled and nearly volcanic.  Pictures below tell the story.  The three gallon carboy was so out of control I decided to stick a wine thief into the stopper to create an extra long chimney for the gassing off.  when it calms I'll go back to the bubbler. 
Racking off of the gross lees.



Saturday, September 28, 2019

2019 Muscat C., day 8

8:00 AM
Cellar 75.5 F, outside 64 F, must 78 F
Brix: 3.8*

Used the short scale hydrometer directly in the fermenter and readings bobbled around over the course of a minute or two from 3.6 to 3.9 and I'm calling it 3.8.  Today we should move from the fermenter to carboys.  The visible ferment is much as it's been and progressing as it has the last few days - fine fizzy bubbling, no foam.

9:30 PM 
Cellar 77 F, outside 73 F, must 78 F
Brix: 2.6

Well, too much block party, too much playing, too much winding down after a Negroni at home.  Distributing the must into carboys will have to wait until the morning.  All else is steady as she goes.

Friday, September 27, 2019

2019 Muscat C., day 7

7:30 AM 
Cellar 75 F, outside 59 F, must 76
Brix: Probaby 6

The long scale hydrometer is saying that Brix is 5ish and the short scale hydrometer is saying No way, dude, I think you're at least 6. So I've put it into the chart as 6.  Happens every year, this disagreement, at right about this stage.  You'd think I'd try to calibrate the two.

The must is so chunky in the test cylinder, and there's no foam in the fermenter, so that it's become easier to test Brix in the fermenter itself.  I also thought about just straining what I put into the test cylinder.  Maybe this evening.

I haven't said anything about color.  It's still apple juice brown.  It's hard to imagine it becoming the custard yellow and then the final mellow yellow that we've seen in the carboys each year we've made Muscat A.  (And, coinkydink, last night with dinner we drank Zibibbio in Pithos from COS - Zibibbio is the local name for Muscat Alexandria. Alissandria.  It's yellow.)

Rough calculation is that the must is now something like 10% alcohol, using the low end of the sugar to alcohol conversion rate (.55), and heading to 13%.

(The conversion rate can be from .55 to .64. From what I read, you'd need a cooler ferment to get to higher alcohol in white wine - a lot cooler than ours. And QA23 yeast dies at 16% alcohol.  So, assuming we ferment to dryness at high heat and the starting juice was at 24 Brix: 24*.55=13.2% alcohol.  We might have residual sugar lowering the alcohol, or we might have a higher conversion rate raising the alcohol, and we won't know.  We've never had the alcohol level of the wine professionally tested.)

9:00 PM
Cellar 75 F, outside 65 F, must 76
Brix: Probaby 4.5

Fizz continues to get slower and finer.  At this point we can probably just move to carboys, especially given how little foam is being generated - none, really.  On the other hand, there's so little headspace in the fermenter that it feels fine to let it go closer to zero.  Will decide tomorrow.

Not clear how much will be lost to the gross lees, or how much of those lees we'll want to transfer into the last carboy, but we're likely looking at five full 5 gallon carboys with a gallon of lee-chunky juice to toy with.

Thursday, September 26, 2019

2019 Muscat C., day 6


6 AM
Room 75 F, Wine 77 F, Outside 61 F
Brix 10

No bubbler action. Fermentation is fine and fizzy, as it has been for a couple of days, with no foaming.

The Brix measurement is at 10, but the bubbling inside of the measuring cylinder is so strong that after a minute or so the hydrometer is obscured.  This evening I'll try to get a decent photo of what the juice looks like in the cylinder - very chunky seeming.  

At 108 hours we've converted about 58% of the sugar, most of it in the last 72 hours.


8:30 PM
Room 76 F, wine 77 F, Outside 66 F
Brix 8

Fizz is finer and the delta from this morning is much less than last night's delta. Hurry up and wait. Might be in range of the short scale hydrometer tomorrow evening, if not morning.

I mentioned this morning that the juice (now must) is awfully chunky.  Video below.

Wednesday, September 25, 2019

2019 Muscat C., Day 5

6 AM: Cellar: 75, Outside: 59, Wine: 78
Brix: 18*

Why the * for Brix? I measured it in the beaker, and that's what's shown.  I measured it in the tank, where it's fizzing like nuts, and got readings that started at 12 and rose to 15. Fun to see and it would save some cleaning, but probably not a great idea. But either way it's the largest dip in Brix between readings.

Much like last evening, only more so.  Almost all fizz and no foam.

6 PM: Cellar: 756 Outside: 75, Wine: 77
Brix: 15.5

Visually and audibly much the same as this morning.  Brix dropping quickly.

Tuesday, September 24, 2019

2019 Muscat C, day 4

5:45 AM
Cellar: 77 F
Outside: 67 F
Juice: 78 F
Brix: 22 (Oh, for Pete's sake)

Shag much the same, & no bubbler action.  (Let's get some more fermentation going, fellas.)  Last evening and this morning increasing smell of winemaking down there, if not any more measurable evidence.  Pouring the beaker of juice back into the tank, after testing Brix, sets up heavy bubbling reaction, so you know stuff is going on down there. Not having any bubbler action just makes me worry whether 60 hours after pressing the juice is throwing off enough CO2 to protect itself.

9:30 PM
Cellar: 76 F
Outside: 67 F
Juice: 78 F
Brix: 21

Very unexpected change! Foam has broken up into little cheesy pieces, and it's fizzing like hell. Check the video and turn up the volume.

No bubbler action, even with all that fizz, and so I've lessened the amount of water in the bubbler - maybe it was just too big a burp to sustain.  Have strapped icepacks to the outside of the tank again.

Monday, September 23, 2019

2019 Muscat C., day 3

6:30 AM
Cellar: 76 F
Outside: 70 F
Juice: 76 F
Brix: 22

No bubbler action but louder, more active shaggy surface.  Again, juice is at the ambient temperature of the room.  Drop of 2 Brix if I have it right, - about 8% from 24 hours ago.  Forecast for today is to reach 88 F - versus 66 F for a year ago.  Let's try strapping ice packs to the beast.


9:30 PM
Cellar 80
Outside 70
Juice 80
Brix 22

No measured difference in Brix, and no visual difference in foam.  Too warm!  The outside temp has dropped and tomorrow will be a high of 79 with an overnight low 10 degrees lower.   The heat in the cellar is worrisome - 6 degrees F higher than day 3 last year.  I've strapped icepacks to the fermenter.  

Sunday, September 22, 2019

2019 Muscat C, day 2

7AM
7 AM:
Outside: 60 F
Cellar 75 F
Juice: 70 F
Brix: 24

A little surprised and pleased to see that the yeast has already taken.  The foam looks deeper than it is - it's only a half inch or so, but then there's no headspace other than the wide opening of the fermenter, so it's all channeled there.

No decision yet regarding siphoning off a few gallons to create more headspace.  Tick tick tick.


9 PM:
Outside: 75 F
Cellar 76 F
Juice: 74 F
Brix: 23

Shag is a little heavier, maybe slightly noisier.  Brix is close enough to this morning's reading that there may or may not have been a real change yet. Still not threatening to overflow.  Still not enough CO2 action to move the bubbler.  Can't say if the juice temp is from the fermentation or just rising to meet the ambient temperature.  Wish it were cooler outside, but we're in for a warm week. Tomorrow I'll try to strap cooling blocks to the outside of the fermenter - might not conduct through the plastic, but worth a shot given that the tank is too full to put the coolers inside.

2019 Muscat Canelli day 1 - Sep 21 2019

A pretty perfect day 1. Winemakers, you rock!

Phil and Erin were the early birds, with David right on their tail.  We finished setting up and cleaning all of the equipment by 10 AM or so. (Getting the destemmer out of the cellar was the usual problem, and a very good natured passer-bye pitched in.)

Karen arrived with the 12 36# lugs of Muscat C. not much after 11.  Unloading was quick and everyone dug into the grapes.  They were in very good shape, a little more raisining than we saw in last year's Sav. Blanc, and very little rot.  Testing for Brix was all over the place depending on the cluster and the lug.  everything from 24 to 26.

Way too many grapes to do everything in a single stomp, and that probably led to an hour of extra time in the winemaking.  We had to stop destemming and wait for the stomped grapes to get fed through the bladder press (maybe 3 to 4 batches into the press).  Doodle doo.  Note to self: we can fix that next year by using two stomping barrels, filling the second one with destemmed grapes while the first is being stomped.

Nathan was first into the barrel, then Karen. Then a complete stranger who got sucked into the whirlwind. (Did anybody get her name?)

Putting the stomped grapes through the press got us a great amount of juice before even inflating the bladder.  Mihai was, again, the press master.

After clearing the barrel we did it all again, and this time the only stomper was - again - a young woman who passed bye and was very into it - she even went home to change into stomping togs and returned.  (Name? She said we should take the winemaking on the road to Soho and charge folks $180 for the pleasure of the stomping.) Michael G took over for me getting the juice into the fermenter.

100 liters on the nose!

Cleanup went until some time between 2 and 3, I think.  And then the heroes' lunch.

Pitched 30 grams of QA23 at 8 PM.  Getting a brix reading just before pitching was also pretty unreliable.

Here are the worries:

  • Temp during winemaking and this entire coming week are about 20 F higher than last year.  So I'm worried the cellar temps might be high and the ferment too fast.
  • There's 100 liters in the 100 liter tank.  Will we have an insanely overflowing mount of foam? Should I siphon out 10 liters to make headroom and let that other 10 ferment in a carboy? I've pitched all the yeast - will the siphon juice have enough yeast distributed in it not to get stuck?

Thursday, September 19, 2019

And, preparing for the 2019 winemaking

Winemaking day 1 will be Saturday, September 21.  We were hoping to have the same fabulous Sauv Blanc grapes from the Lanza vineyard this year, but it is not to be.  We called Musto about two weeks ago and the grapes weren't in yet, and when we called yesterday to place our order... they were already all sold!

So, to stick to a white from Lanza in Suisun Valley we're going with Muscat Canelli.  Yes, a return to Muscat, which we've made a bunch of times, but this time to the smaller berry Canelli rather than big honkin' Alexandria.  And we'll use Wyeast QA23:
QA23: Often used in terpenic whites, it enhances the aromatic aspects of a grape. In Muscat, QA23 really brings out the floral notes and makes an elegant, fruit focused, aromatic wine.
Sister Karen will be driving the grapes down from Musto - 12 36# lugs.
Gird yourselves.

Weather outlook for winemaking day - clear and a hot high of 85 F.  That's a bit of a drag.  Last year day 1 was September 23 and 20 degrees cooler.  We'll make do.

Catching up... 2018 wines, day 361

Well, obviously I stopped posting about the 2018 wines about 180 days ago.  The entire 2018 Sauvignon Blanc production was drunk on June 8, 2019 at the new wine & puttanesca party.  Seriously - all of it except for three bottles I stashed away for absent winemakers.

All of the 2018 Syrah was bottles on September 7, and will get stored until next June's party -  likely June 6.